A World Health Organization (WHO) team of experts who arrived in Wuhan on 14th January to start an investigation into the origins of coronavirus has opined that the world may never find “patient zero.”
The term “patient zero” is used to refer to the person identified as the first carrier of a communicable disease in an outbreak of related cases. “We may never find who the patient zero was,” said Maria Van Kerkhove, WHO’s technical lead on the infection. A WHO-led team investigating the origins of COVID-19 is to hold virtual meetings with its Chinese hosts in Wuhan, where the pandemic first emerged more than a year ago.
Combating new variants of COVID-19
The WHO’s emergency committee called for globally-ramped up coronavirus sequencing studies in order to combat troubling new variants infecting the globe. The meeting was dragged forward by two weeks for urgent talks on the emerging, seemingly more contagious strains of the virus, as the death toll from the COVID-19 pandemic topped two million.
The WHO said it wanted COVID-19 vaccination under way in every country within the next 100 days, amid concerns that rich nations are hogging the first batches coming off the production lines.
And while it warned about the new virus variant circulating in Brazil, the WHO warned that the current infection spikes in some countries could be blamed on lapses in behaviour rather than simply the new mutations.
Variants and need for precautions
The recently-discovered variants can only be identified by sequencing their genetic code, an analysis that is not possible everywhere. “On variants, (the committee) called for a global expansion of genomic sequencing and sharing of data, along with greater scientific collaboration to address critical unknowns,” the WHO said in a statement after the virtual meeting.
The committee also called on the WHO to come up with a standardized system for naming new variants to keep them geographically and politically neutral, in a bid to avoid stigmatization.
Earlier this week, the WHO said the coronavirus mutation first found in Britain had spread to 50 territories, while a similar South African-identified strain has now been found in 20. A third mutation originating in the Brazilian Amazon, is currently being analyzed and could impact the immune response, according to the WHO.
The situation in northern Brazil’s Amazonas state, and particularly its capital Manaus, has deteriorated significantly, with hospitals pushed to the limit, said WHO emergencies director Michael Ryan. “If this continues, we are going to see a wave that is greater than what was a catastrophic wave in April and May in Amazonas,” he told a press conference in Geneva.
But Mr. Ryan stressed it was “too easy to just lay the blame on the variant” pointing out that people and authorities need to accept their share of responsibility for their actions which were driving up transmission. Maria Van Kerkhove, the WHO’s COVID-19 technical lead, added: “This virus is dangerous on its own, variant or not.”
‘Defining moment’
On travel, the emergency committee recommended that countries do not require proof of vaccination from incoming travelers, given that the impact of vaccines on reducing transmission is not yet known and the availability of vaccines remains limited.
Committee chairman Didier Houssin said that given the disparity of countries’ approaches to visas, quarantine and travel bans, it is “really time” for the WHO to reassess what guidance could be provided on international air, land and sea travel.
WHO chief Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus said the world was at a “defining moment in the pandemic”, as he called for vaccines to be distributed equitably across the globe. Some 46 countries have started their vaccination campaigns, of which 38 are high-income nations.
“I want to see vaccination under way in every country in the next 100 days so that health workers and those at high risk are protected first,” Mr. Tedros said.
